The Kartsev-Venediktov Design Bureau was responsible for the design work and prepared two parallel proposals-the “Object 188”, which was a relatively simple upgrade of the existing T-72B tank (Object 184), and the far more advanced Object 187, which was only vaguely related to the T-72 series and incorporating major improvements to the hull and turret design, armor, power-plant and armament. The T-72 platform was selected as the basis for the new generation of tank owing to its cost-effectiveness, simplicity and automotive qualities. The T-90 has its origins in a Soviet-era program aimed at developing a single replacement for the T-64, T-72 and T-80 series of main battle tanks. It was designed and built by Uralvagonzavod, in Nizhny Tagi, in Sverdlosk Oblast, Russia, located 25 kilometers east of the virtual border between Europe and Asia. Standard protective measures include a blend of steel and composite armour, smoke grenade dischargers, Kontakt-5 explosive-reactive armour and the Shtora infrared ATGM jamming system. The T-90 uses a 125 mm 2A46 smoothbore main gun, the 1A45T fire-control system, an upgraded engine, and gunner’s thermal sight. Originally called the T-72BU, but later renamed to T-90, it is an advanced tank in service with Russian Ground Forces and the Naval infantry. The tank is a modern variation of the T-72B and incorporates many features found on the T-80U. The T-90 is a third-generation Russian battle-tank that entered service in 1993.
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